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Chapter 40: 反者道之动。弱者道之用。天下万物生於有，有生於无。 Chapter sub-title: When to use the principles of leadership [LP115]When you run into someone who opposes or does not want to follow your order (反者), it is about time to draw upon the principles of leadership (道) and deploy them diligently (动). [LP116]On the other hand, when you run into someone who does not have the will to follow your order (弱者), you can also draw upon the principles of leadership (道) and apply them assiduously (用). [LP117a]When a determined leader (天下) wants to do something (万物) and ensures its completion, he has a purpose (生), that is, to acquire it (有). [LP117b]Moreover, what he is going to obtain (有) arises (生) from naught (无). Notes: 1) In modern vernacular Chinese language the two characters, 之 and 於 can be dropped with no detrimental effect to modern sentence construction. 2) LP is the abbreviation for Leadership Principles. I label each sentence or clause in this way for ease of referencing later. 3) 道, as is explained here, means leadership. 4) 天下, supposed to means anyone under the sky. In view of this chapter, I must limit it to apply to leaders. 5) 万物, means things. Hence, something is proper. 6) First 生, here it implies to sprout an idea. Therefore, purpose is appropriate. 7) First 有 means to possess. Acquire makes more sense here. 8) Second 有, means to obtain. Well, you must obtain something before you can own it. 9) Second 生, means to grow. Over here, arises is more appropriate. 10) 无, nothing, or naught. Btw. The English language is the most beautiful language in the world, today. At least this is my personal opinion. I can choose from a choice of words. For examples: 有 possess, acquire obtain; 生 sprout or grow or arise. This is truly mind-boggling to you. In the official online Chinese dictionary, zdic.net, there are 14 different meanings given for 道. Yet, I am not happy with any one of them. Therefore I choose to create a new meaning that is hard for just anyone to accept. Here is the reason why I am certain means leadership. Please read the detail explanation below. The Chinese characters are basically built up from graphical blocks to form ideographic characters called hieroglyphs. Chinese characters are more like pictograms which are rich in associative wisdom through which a reader at first sight can interpret or decode each character semantically. For example, the word 道 (pinyin: dào) is a combination of two root characters 辶 and 首. 1. 首 means a person who is leading, or is ahead of the rest of the people. 2. 辶 signifies the left graphic block for characters associated with the verb run or walk. It is similar in meaning to the word 辵 (pinyin: chuò) which means stop and go repeatedly. The word 道 when decoded by the combination of 辶 and 首 gives rise to the meaning of leadership. Why? When a leader is walking ahead of the rest and the people behind him are following closely, stopping and going repeatedly, it gives you an impression that this person is leading the rest and there is leadership ability in him. On the contrary, when no one walks, stops and goes repeatedly behind a person, whichever way you look at this person walking all alone by himself, he is definitely not a leader. The contrasting difference between these two situations points out clearly that the word 道 correctly implies leadership. In real life, how do you observe whether one is a leader or has leadership quality? Whether a person is a leader or not, the three criteria observable by a third party are: one, someone is behind him; two, one or more people are following him closely and paying attention to his every word and/or noting it down; and three, they then go about executing his instructions. Even if only one of these three criteria is present, there is sufficient proof that he is a leader or has leadership ability. By the way, leadership is quite a recent word. As late as thirty years ago, the word management was almost exclusively used to describe the behavior and execution abilities of corporate leaders. Leadership qualities were often intermingled with management abilities. Summing up, Dao means leadership.